Q 1: Elaborate the difference among sociograms, social distance scale, and guess who questionnaire in terms of their use.
Course: Educational Assessment and Evaluation
Course code 8602
Level: B.Ed Solved Assignment
Answer:
A sociogram is a visual representation or map of the relationships between individuals. Learn more about sociograms from examples and test your knowledge with a quiz.
Definition of Sociogram
Suppose you are a seventh-grade teacher. There are ten students in your classroom: Mike, Olivia, Connor, Tracy, Lena, Darren, James, Tiona, Lisa, and Taylor. You notice that your male and female students have not been getting along well in recent weeks. You are interested in looking at the relationships between your students to help you understand what is going on in your classroom.
One method that can help you examine relationships is creating a sociogram.
A sociogram is a visual depiction of the relationships among a specific group. The purpose of a sociogram is to uncover the underlying relationships between people. A sociogram can be used to increase your understanding of group behaviors.
How Do You Create a Sociogram?
Before you begin to create a sociogram of the students in your classroom, you must first come up with a criterion, which is what you want to measure. The criterion that you use is usually some question about a specific type of social interaction. A criterion can be either positive or negative.
Positive criteria are those that ask the students to choose something that they either enjoy or would like to participate in with others. Negative criteria ask students to choose something that they would not enjoy. Negative criteria are used to discover resistance or rejection in interpersonal relationships.
Examples of positive criteria that can be used to create a sociogram are:
- Which three classmates would you most like to go on a vacation with?
- Which three classmates are your best friends?
- Which three classmates do you like the most?
Examples of negative criteria that can be used to create a sociogram are:
- Which three classmates would you least enjoy going on a vacation with?
- Which three classmates do you like to be around the least?
- Which three classmates would you least like to be stranded on an island with?
Once your students have all answered the question, you tabulate the results and use them to create a sociogram. Sociologist R.E. Park (1923) coined the term social distance for the first time while describing the observed fact that the kinds of situations in which contact occurs between a dominant group and subordinates vary in their degree of intimacy, from Kinship by marriage, residence in the same neighborhood, work in the same occupation to absolutely no contact.
Emory Bogardus, an eminent sociologist at the University of Southern California in 1942 developed a scale for measuring the social distances among various groups in the United States. It was further given prominence by Katz and Allport under the able guidance of Gallet and Bogardus.
Bogardus was interested in measuring racial attitudes, and attitudes of people towards different races, towards different nationalities and comparing them through his social distance scale. The procedure for the construction of the scale is as follows:
The investigator first formulates various statements indicating different degrees of acceptance or rejection of the group.
The subject has to indicate how close or how far away he is from the members of the other group. A distance is measured by these statements which are basically psychological. A favorable attitude is indicated by closeness and an unfavorable attitude is indicated by distance. The greater the distance the greater the unfavorable attitude and the less the distance the greater the favorable attitude.
The psychological distance is progressively increased in the scale as one proceeds from the first to
the last statement starting from close kinship by marriage to exclusion from the country. Bogardus thus asked the respondents to indicate to which of the following steps they would admit members of the various groups in the United States of America.
Guess who questionnaire in terms of their use
This worksheet includes prompt questions to help students play the game 'Guess Who?'. It is for the beginner level. The worksheet includes short questions and descriptions of people. It is to help students complete a meaningful speaking activity where they have to guess the identity of their partner's character based on questions about their appearance. The game can be played with 2 or more players.
