QUESTION
Explain the concept and nature of financing in education. how to stage
in higher education can be minimized.
Course: Higher Education
Course code 8625
Level: B.Ed Solved Assignment
ANSWER
Concept and nature of financing in education:
Financial literacy is
important because it equips us with the knowledge and skills we need to manage
money effectively. Without it, our financial decisions and the actions we
take—or don’t take—lack an informed foundation to maximize their
success. And this can have dire consequences.
· Nearly
half of Americans don’t expect to have enough money to retire comfortably.
· Credit
card debt has reached its highest point ever.
· Forty
percent of Americans can’t afford a $400 emergency expense.
Given the above
statistics, it might not be surprising that nearly two-thirds of Americans
can’t pass a basic test of financial literacy. To explore the importance
of financial literacy, we turned to personal finance experts working in
colleges, high schools, and credit unions. Together, the populations they serve
span a broad range of ages, incomes, and backgrounds. These educators witness
first-hand the impact that financial literacy—or the lack of financial
literacy—can have on a person’s life.
We posed the same
question to each of them: “Why is financial literacy important?” Here’s what
they had to say. For college students, financial literacy is important
because the formula for college success today only has two factors:
grades and money. Professors and instructors thoroughly educate students on academic requirements and grading policies. It’s often new financial
responsibilities and realities that campuses are not adequately educating or
preparing students for success.
Research has even
shown that students are more likely to drop out of school because of “outside
pressures” than poor grades. Student success is no longer constrained to
classrooms or defined by academic performance alone. The future success
of our students relies on providing opportunities for them to learn,
develop, and strengthen core life skills they need today and more
importantly tomorrow as successful graduates. Our
team is proud to be creating a new paradigm within higher education by
bringing the topic of money out of the
shadows. We have
become national leaders in our field by confirming that personal financial
education services are no longer an exception for today’s students—they are an
expectation.”
DEVELOPMENT:
The following basic questions were
formulated before the methodology development:
• What basic
principles should be used as a basis for the methodology?
• Should the ranking
be presented in the format of a traditional system of leagues or a system
of comparison/correlation of the universities?
• What data should
the ranking be based on?
Round University
Ranking (RUR) is an international ranking of leading world universities published
by the RUR Ranking Agency (Moscow, Russia). The ranking provides a comparison
of 930 leading universities from 80 countries around the world for 8 years
(2010-2017) according to 20 indicators distributed into 4 areas:
teaching, research, international diversity, and financial
sustainability. Such a wide coverage, both geographically and temporally,
makes RUR ranking a unique tool for choosing universities for study and work,
as well as comparing higher education institutions on a global scale.
Round University Ranking (RUR) is based on the data
provided by Clarivate Analytics (formerly the IP&Science business of
Thomson Reuters).
RUR ranking is:
• a navigator in the world of
higher education enabling applicants and their
parents to choose the appropriate higher institution and the
way of training;
• a tool for
students to choose a higher education institution for their short-term programs
or change their main place of study;
• a tool for
teachers and
professors
enabling them to find suitable vacancies and make decisions about
cooperation with their colleagues in other universities;
• an assessment tool
for the management of universities evaluating the
competitiveness of a university on the national and global scale and
making the appropriate management decisions aimed at comprehensive
improvement of the university’s international competitiveness;
• one of the assessment
tools for business evaluating the university
and making decisions about cooperation with a particular higher
education institution;
• a tool for the
state to comprehensively assess the country's higher education
system as well as a way of maintaining national prestige.
Publication bias
Publication bias is
an issue that can lead to biased results in a meta-analysis. Publication bias
occurs when not all research has been published or reported. Studies may not be
reported or published because of non-significant results, or because the
results are not valued properly by journal editors or by other
researchers. When these studies report different results from those in
the analysis, bias arises.
The majority of the
studies used in this review are journal articles (46.15%). Roughly half of
the studies are located outside journals, and the possibility exists that we do
not have to cope with publication bias. However, we also want to draw
attention to two caveats. First of all, most articles in this review
sample are in the field of education economics. A tradition in this field
is that unpublished articles are often made available online because of the
long time that elapses before publication. As a result, some of our
“unpublished” papers may be published in the future. Secondly, it is not
really clear what unpublished means in the digital area.
Indeed, most
documents can be easily obtained via internet searches independently of being
controlled by commercial publishers.
Related Topics
Quality and Access in Higher Education and Life long Learning
The Future of Higher Education and the Role of Technology in Distance Education
Concept and Nature of Financing in Education
Comparison Between German and Pakistan Higher Education
Need and Scope of Research in Higher Education
National Education Policy 2009
Different Organizations in the Development of Higher Education in Pakistan
Status of Higher Education in Pakistan and Planning of Higher Education in Pakistan
Higher Education in Socio-Economic Development and Importance of Education in Economic Development
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